MLA, APA and Chicago

Block quotes, in three styles.

A long quotation is set off as a block: on a new line, indented half an inch, with no quotation marks. Each style draws the line in a different place.

Free. You can start without signing in.

On this page
  1. When a quote becomes a block
  2. MLA
  3. APA
  4. Chicago and Turabian
  5. Common mistakes
  6. Questions

Updated

When a quote becomes a block

MLA 9
More than four lines of prose, or more than three lines of poetry.
APA 7
40 words or more (APA 7, 8.27).
Chicago 18
About 100 words or more, or two or more paragraphs; Turabian says five or more lines.

MLA

  • Indent the whole quote half an inch from the left margin. Keep it double-spaced.
  • No quotation marks. The citation goes after the final punctuation: ...the end. (Walker 112)
  • Introduce it with a sentence ending in a colon, or a phrase that runs into it.
  • Poetry keeps the poet’s line breaks; a quotation that starts mid-line keeps its position.

Lincoln opens by tying the war to the country’s founding:

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. (Lincoln)

The Gettysburg Address, as in the Bliss copy. A speech has no page numbers, so the citation is the name alone.

APA

  • Indent the whole quote half an inch. Keep it double-spaced, with no added space above or below.
  • No quotation marks. The citation goes after the final punctuation: (Walker, 2017, p. 112)
  • A new paragraph inside the quote gets an extra half-inch first-line indent.

Chicago and Turabian

  • Indent the block half an inch. Turabian single-spaces it with a blank line before and after.
  • No quotation marks. The note number goes at the end of the block, after the punctuation.
  • In author-date, the parenthetical follows the final punctuation, as in APA.

Common mistakes

  1. Quotation marks around a block. The indent replaces them. Quotation marks inside the passage become double quotation marks as usual.
  2. The citation before the period. In a block, it follows the final punctuation.
  3. Block quotes to fill space. Instructors notice. Quote only what you will discuss.

Questions

How long is a block quote in MLA?

More than four typed lines of prose, or more than three lines of verse.

How many words for an APA block quote?

40 or more.

Is a block quote double-spaced?

In MLA and APA, yes. Turabian single-spaces it.